The always-excellent PingMag has an article about Iranian Typography that is quite informative and fascinating.
Arabian writing has always fascinated me, especially when it is being used as part of a graphical design treatment. This article has several beautiful examples where the Arabian script is part of the design to the point where graphics and design become one. By the nature of its character strokes Arabian script looks very elegant and allows for expressive calligraphy as I’ve otherwise only seen in some ancient Chinese stone tablets.